1987 Exam

1.e         13.d        25.d        51.b 
2.e         14.c        26.e        52.b
3.c         15.e        27.d        53.e
4.a         16.b        28.c        54.e
5.d         17.c        29.a        55.d
6.e         18.a        30.b        56.e
7.a         19.e        31.d        57.c
8.b         20.b        32.d        58.c
9.a         21.e        47.b        59.e
10.c       22.d        48.e        60.d
11.d       23.a        49.c        61.e
12.b       24.a        50.d

Question 1:

           Leisure, a simple term that has been around for as long as any of us can remember.  Leisure, " or free time, is time spent away from business, work, and domestic chores. It also exludes time spent on necessary activities such as eating, sleeping, and, where it is compulsory, education."-wiki. So with that being said is it really possible to have different types of leisure, well George Eliot sure thinks so in fact alot of people believe there is such a thing as "old leisure" and "modern leisure".  And after reading the selected passage by Eliot I believe so too.

Old leisure is what it sounds like how leisure was performed in the past, particularly around 50 years ago. Old leisure was appreciation for the little the things in life for example from the passage, the shade of a tree in the hot summer sun, the smell of fruit hanging from the trees. In fact old leisure goes farther then that, now a days leisure is looked at as an event something you do on sunday afternoons or holidays, but in the passage old leisure is somewhat of a life style.  In the case of the old man its the way he goes about his day, the things he does, the thoughts he has and the consequences he recieves.

Whereas modern leisure is an occasional event in a persons life maybe once a week, a month, a year. And when that leisure comes around its not even the same kind of leisure the old man enjoys in the story, in reality its not leisure at all. "leisure is gone".

Eliot uses many literal devices to help portray the differences between old and modern leisure. She uses imagery in her examples to establish pictures in our mind to connect with the thoughts. She also uses a satirical tone to intrigue and keep the readers attention on the passage. To aid in the idea of leisure she uses the old mans appearance to sybolism simplicity and pure happiness of the time, "he was a stout gentleman".

Now a days relaxation intales turning on the tv to your favorite show, going to movies, going out to eat, getting your nails done but none of that is actual leisure. Our heads these days are so filled with the hottest styles, music, political controversies, homework assignments, family, and drama that how can there be any leisure when your mind is off in a million different places. Leisure intales simplicity which is just not available anymore.


Question 2:

          Throughout the Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck there are many clashes against traditional ways for thinking and capitalistic ways. Beginning as early as the first few chapters with Tom Joad's releasment from prison, particularly his experience with the truck driver. Tom Joad's need a ride to his house and askes a truck driver who initial says no but after some persuading on Toms side he says yes. This situation may not seem like a clash against traditional ways but it is, you see because the truck driver said no at first due to the company's policy against hitch hikes, a capitalistic company, but then later makes an exception because of the golden rule "do to others what you would want done to yourself".

Another example of traditional clashes is when Tom Joad comes into contact with Casy, their local preacher and soon after finds out that he has given up preaching. Casy exclaims that basically whats the use it trying anymore everything is all part of the same. I believe Steinbeck was using a very socialistic mind set when writing the dialoge of this scene, completely put down traditional beliefs for the bible.

The final clash in the novel between tradition and capitialism was when the Joad family was forced to vacate there home. This time Steinbeck makes it clear that he believes that capitalists are the bad guys throwing a family out of there home with no where to go because they want to make a profit.

Overall I think Steinbeck creates such clashes in his work to show his side of argument, that he stands for traditional ways of living, for courtesy and human hospitality, for a better way of living.